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Victims

Ayman Sabry Abdel Wahab, 19.07.2025. Arrested and tortured – Cairo

July 19, 2025 – Belqas Police Station in the Dakhalia governorate, north east of Cairo
21-year-old. Arrested and tortured for a week in custody: deceased

Ayman Sabry Abdel Wahab, a university student, has been tortured to death inside an Egyptian police station, a rights group told Middle East Eye.

The Egyptian Network for Human Rights (ENHR) said that 21-year-old Sabry died on Friday while in custody at the Belqas Police Station in the Dakhalia governorate, north east of Cairo, following “a week of deadly torture”.

Riots erupted in the aftermath of his arrest, with journalists sharing footage of protestors clashing with security forces outside Belqas court.

According to the ENHR, Sabry was arrested on 19 July while he was on his way to a barber shop.

He was then taken to Belqas Police Station and detained for several days, during which time he was subjected to severe torture that resulted in a “serious deterioration in his health”.

Sabry’s family reported that he collapsed in front of prison guards during a visit on Friday after handing them a list of medication without explanation. They said that he was not transferred to hospital for medical treatment and a doctor was not called to examine him.

The family were not officially informed of Sabry’s death, only hearing about it through his lawyer 24 hours later in the early hours of Sunday morning.

He came out of detention dead,” Sabry’s sister told ENHR.

According to ENHR, the police are claiming that Sabry suffered a cardiac arrest. But his sister said that, when her family went to identify his body at the hospital, it bore the signs of beatings and electric shocks.

His face was ruined, his body used to be white as cotton, but his whole dead body was blue,” she told ENHR.

My brother died from torture, and the ones who killed him work at Belqas Police Station,” Sabry’s sister said, naming a senior investigations officer at the station as one of the perpetrators of the torture that killed her brother.

Ahmed Attar, the executive director of ENHR, emphasised that Sabry’s death is not an isolated case but a “natural consequence of the unchecked power of the executive authorities, the absence of proper oversight and inspection by the public prosecution, and the continued application of the policy of impunity practiced by the Egyptian state”.

The death of this university student is neither the first nor likely to be the last to occur in Egyptian prisons and detention centers,” he warned.

Sabry’s death comes amid a surge in detainee deaths in Egyptian prisons and police stations amid rapidly deteriorating conditions and spiralling abuses.

In May, Egyptian rights monitor the Committee for Justice (CFJ) reported that so far in 2025, 15 prisoners had died in Egyptian custody, the majority of them due to medical negligence.

In July, 15 prisoners reportedly attempted suicide at Egypt’s notorious Badr 3 prison within just two weeks.

Rights groups have documented surging abuses in Egyptian prisons since President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi came to power in 2014. 

While official figures are cloaked in secrecy, under Sisi, Egypt’s prison population is estimated to have swelled to around 120,000 as of 2022, despite the prison system’s capacity being at 55,000 in 2020.

The surge has resulted in dangerous overcrowding, crumbling infrastructure and further exacerbated poor detention conditions.
Justice & Light for Sabri and his family and friends!
Physical violence
 XArrest
 XDetention / Custody
 Hustle / Projection
 Prone position / lying flat on the stomach / ventral decubitus
 Folding” (holding a person in a seated position with their head resting on their knees)
 Painful armlock
 Kicks, punches, slaps
 Feet / knees on the nape of the neck, chest or face
 Blows to the victim while under control and/or on the ground
 Blows to the ears
 Strangulation / chokehold
 Fingers forced backwards
 Spraying with water
 Dog bites
 Hair pulling
 Painful tightening of colson ties or handcuffs
 Painfully pulling by colson ties or handcuffs
 Sexual abuse
 Striking with a police vehicle
 Electric shocks
 Use of gloves
 Use of firearm
 Use of “Bean bags” (a coton sack containing tiny lead bullets)
 Use of FlashBall weapon
 Use of sound grenade
 Use of dispersal grenade
 Use of teargas grenade
 Use of rubber bullets weapon (LBD40 type)
 Use of batons
 Use of Pepper Spray
 Use of Taser gun
 Use of tranquillisers
XTorture / Inhumane and degrading treatment
 Execution
 Kidnapping
 Disappearance
Psychological violence
 Charge of disturbing public order
 Charge of rebellion
 Accusation of beatings to officer
 Charge of threatening officer
 Charge of insulting an officer
 Charge of disrespect
 Charge of resisting arrest
 Aggressive behaviour, disrespect, insults
 Intimidation, blackmail, threats
 Vexing or intimidating identity check
 Mock execution
 Intimidation or arrest of witnesses
 Prevented from taking photographs or from filming the scene
 Calls to end torment remained unheeded
 Prolonged uncomfortable position
 Failure to assist a person in danger
 Photographs, fingerprints, DNA
 Threat with a weapon
 Shooting in the back
 Charging without warning
 Kettling (corraling protestors to isolate them from the rest of the demonstration)
 Car chase
 Sexist remarks
 Homophobic remarks
 Racist comments
 Intervention in a private place
 Mental health issues
 Harassment
 Body search
 Home search
 Violence by fellow police officers
 Passivity of police colleagues
 Lack or refusal of the police officer to identify him or herself
 Refusal to notify someone or to telephone
 Refusal to administer a breathalyzer
 Refusal to fasten the seatbelt during transport
 Refusal to file a complaint
XRefusal to allow medical care or medication
XLies, cover-ups, disappearance of evidence
 Undress before witnesses of the opposite sex
 Bend down naked in front of witnesses
 Lack of surveillance or monitoring during detention
 Lack of signature in the Personal Effects Register during detention
 Deprivation during detention (water, food)
 Inappropriate sanitary conditions during detention (temperature, hygiene, light)
 Sleep deprivation
 Confiscation, deterioration, destruction of personal effects
 Pressure to sign documents
 Absence of a report
 Complacency of doctors

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Aida Rostami, 12.12.2022. Beaten up to her death – Tehran

December 12, 2022 – Tehran
36-year-old. Kidnapped and beaten : deceased

Aida Rostami (Persian: آیدا رستمی) was a 36-year-old Iranian physician who was allegedly kidnapped, fatally beaten, and killed by security forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran for treating protesters who were injured during the Mahsa Amini protests. In light of rising demands and threats on Iranian hospitals and medics to assist security forces in the middle of the protests, Aida has emerged as an inspirational figure among medics associated with the Mahsa Amini protests.

On the evening of Monday, December 12, 2022, at 7:00 p.m., Aida called her mother from the Chamran Hospital, where she was employed. She asked her mother if she needed anything on her way home. However, she did not come home.

The next day, her family received a call from the police station located in the Ekbatan neighborhood of Tehran, requesting that they come to the station. They received a letter notifying them that Aida had passed away as the result of an accident and instructing them to get her dead body from the Forensics Office. Her family saw that her body with a smashed face, a broken arm, and an enucleated left eye. According to the Forensics death report, the cause of death was being hit by a hard object.

When asked about the unexplained hard item, they said that details will be provided later. “The medical examiner told her family that they were ordered not to reveal the true cause of Aida‘s death. They said that she did not die in a car accident, they killed her.” Local sources who examined her dead body told the IranWire on December 16. A member of her family told IranWire, “It is not possible that when you are driving and you get an accident, both of your hands would break, your lower torso gets bruised, and your eye completely comes out.

On December 16, 2022, Mizan, the news agency of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s judicial system, said that Aida‘s lover threw her down a bridge. Iranian authorities have frequently adopted similar storylines for young women who died during the Mahsa Amini protests, such as Nika Shakarami.

Physical violence
 Arrest
 Detention / Custody
 Hustle / Projection
 Prone position / lying flat on the stomach / ventral decubitus
 Folding” (holding a person in a seated position with their head resting on their knees)
 Painful armlock
 Kicks, punches, slaps
 Feet / knees on the nape of the neck, chest or face
 Blows to the victim while under control and/or on the ground
 Blows to the ears
 Strangulation / chokehold
 Fingers forced backwards
 Spraying with water
 Dog bites
 Hair pulling
 Painful tightening of colson ties or handcuffs
 Painfully pulling by colson ties or handcuffs
 Sexual abuse
 Striking with a police vehicle
 Electric shocks
 Use of gloves
 Use of firearm
 Use of “Bean bags” (a coton sack containing tiny lead bullets)
 Use of FlashBall weapon
 Use of sound grenade
 Use of dispersal grenade
 Use of teargas grenade
 Use of rubber bullets weapon (LBD40 type)
 Use of batons
 Use of Pepper Spray
 Use of Taser gun
 Use of tranquillisers
 Execution
XKidnapping
 Disappearance
Psychological violence
 Charge of disturbing public order
 Charge of rebellion
 Accusation of beatings to officer
 Charge of threatening officer
 Charge of insulting an officer
 Charge of disrespect
 Charge of resisting arrest
 Aggressive behaviour, disrespect, insults
 Intimidation, blackmail, threats
 Vexing or intimidating identity check
 Mock execution
 Intimidation or arrest of witnesses
 Prevented from taking photographs or from filming the scene
 Calls to end torment remained unheeded
 Prolonged uncomfortable position
 Failure to assist a person in danger
 Photographs, fingerprints, DNA
 Threat with a weapon
 Shooting in the back
 Charging without warning
 Kettling (corraling protestors to isolate them from the rest of the demonstration)
 Car chase
 Sexist remarks
 Homophobic remarks
 Racist comments
 Intervention in a private place
 Mental health issues
 Harassment
 Body search
 Home search
 Violence by fellow police officers
 Passivity of police colleagues
 Lack or refusal of the police officer to identify him or herself
 Refusal to notify someone or to telephone
 Refusal to administer a breathalyzer
 Refusal to fasten the seatbelt during transport
 Refusal to file a complaint
 Refusal to allow medical care or medication
XLies, cover-ups, disappearance of evidence
 Undress before witnesses of the opposite sex
 Bend down naked in front of witnesses
 Lack of surveillance or monitoring during detention
 Lack of signature in the Personal Effects Register during detention
 Deprivation during detention (water, food)
 Inappropriate sanitary conditions during detention (temperature, hygiene, light)
 Sleep deprivation
 Confiscation, deterioration, destruction of personal effects
 Pressure to sign documents
 Absence of a report
 Complacency of doctors

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Atefeh Naami, 22.11.2022. Disappeared then turned up dead – Karaj

September 22, 2022 – Karaj
37-year-old. Disappeared then turned up “suicided” in her appartment 5 days later : deceased

Atefeh Naami (Persian: عاطفه نعامی) was a 37-year-old Iranian woman who disappeared in Karaj on 21 November 2022 during the 2022 Iranian protests following the death of Mahsa Amini. Her family was informed of her death five days later. She had died under suspicious circumstances suspected to involve violence by the repressive forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Finally, on 28 November 2022, she was secretly buried in Behesht Abaad cemetery in Ahvaz by the security officers of the Islamic Republic.

Iranian Human Rights Center quoted Atefeh‘s family and wrote: “Despite the fact that the effects of injuries were evident on Atefeh‘s lifeless body, the security institutions of the Islamic Republic issued an order to bury her immediately.” Mohammad Amin Naami, the brother of Atefeh, has stated in an interview with several media that on Monday, 28 November, his sister’s body was buried by deceiving the family members and in silence. He added: Atefeh‘s lifeless body was secretly buried by the security officers on the morning of Monday, 28 November 2022, while the family was told that the funeral would be at noon.” The injured body of Atefeh  was put under a blanket by the government agents by staging a suicide and putting a water heater gas hose in her mouth and left her on the balcony of her apartment located in Azimiyeh, Karaj. Atefeh‘s family has definitely denied her suicide.

During the Mahsa Amini protests in Iran, Atefeh chanted the slogan of woman, life, freedom on the balcony of her apartment and worked to encourage women to social struggle and get their lost rights. When her sister told her, “Atefeh take care“, she tells her: “My blood is not more colorful than others.”

She distributed the slogan of woman, life, freedom and Mahsa Amini hashtag among the people in handwritten form. The approximate time of her death has been announced by the medical examiner as 21 November 2022. Her damaged body was found on the balcony of her apartment in Azimiyeh, Karaj after five days on 26 November. The government agents had staged suicide and placed her body under a blanket and left her on the balcony of her apartment in Karaj by putting a water heater gas hose in her mouth. Although the marks of injuries were evident on her body, the security agencies ordered her immediate burial in the Behesht Abaad cemetery of Ahvaz, plot 5, row 2

Physical violence
 Arrest
 Detention / Custody
 Hustle / Projection
 Prone position / lying flat on the stomach / ventral decubitus
 Folding” (holding a person in a seated position with their head resting on their knees)
 Painful armlock
 Kicks, punches, slaps
 Feet / knees on the nape of the neck, chest or face
 Blows to the victim while under control and/or on the ground
 Blows to the ears
 Strangulation / chokehold
 Fingers forced backwards
 Spraying with water
 Dog bites
 Hair pulling
 Painful tightening of colson ties or handcuffs
 Painfully pulling by colson ties or handcuffs
 Sexual abuse
 Striking with a police vehicle
 Electric shocks
 Use of gloves
 Use of firearm
 Use of “Bean bags” (a coton sack containing tiny lead bullets)
 Use of FlashBall weapon
 Use of sound grenade
 Use of dispersal grenade
 Use of teargas grenade
 Use of rubber bullets weapon (LBD40 type)
 Use of batons
 Use of Pepper Spray
 Use of Taser gun
 Use of tranquillisers
 Execution
 Kidnapping
XDisappearance
Psychological violence
 Charge of disturbing public order
 Charge of rebellion
 Accusation of beatings to officer
 Charge of threatening officer
 Charge of insulting an officer
 Charge of disrespect
 Charge of resisting arrest
 Aggressive behaviour, disrespect, insults
 Intimidation, blackmail, threats
 Vexing or intimidating identity check
 Mock execution
 Intimidation or arrest of witnesses
 Prevented from taking photographs or from filming the scene
 Calls to end torment remained unheeded
 Prolonged uncomfortable position
 Failure to assist a person in danger
 Photographs, fingerprints, DNA
 Threat with a weapon
 Shooting in the back
 Charging without warning
 Kettling (corraling protestors to isolate them from the rest of the demonstration)
 Car chase
 Sexist remarks
 Homophobic remarks
 Racist comments
 Intervention in a private place
 Mental health issues
 Harassment
 Body search
 Home search
 Violence by fellow police officers
 Passivity of police colleagues
 Lack or refusal of the police officer to identify him or herself
 Refusal to notify someone or to telephone
 Refusal to administer a breathalyzer
 Refusal to fasten the seatbelt during transport
 Refusal to file a complaint
 Refusal to allow medical care or medication
XLies, cover-ups, disappearance of evidence
 Undress before witnesses of the opposite sex
 Bend down naked in front of witnesses
 Lack of surveillance or monitoring during detention
 Lack of signature in the Personal Effects Register during detention
 Deprivation during detention (water, food)
 Inappropriate sanitary conditions during detention (temperature, hygiene, light)
 Sleep deprivation
 Confiscation, deterioration, destruction of personal effects
 Pressure to sign documents
 Absence of a report
 Complacency of doctors

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Sarina Esmailzadeh, 23.09.2022. Beaten up to her death

September 23, 2022 – Gohardasht neighborhood, Karaj
16-year-old. Beaten up: deceased

On 23 September 2022, Iranian teenager Sarina Esmailzadeh (Persian: سارینا اسماعیل‌زاده) died of severe beating on the head by security forces during the Mahsa Amini protests in Karaj, Alborz province, according to human rights organizations. She was 16 years old.

The local Justice Department denied any responsibility for her death, claiming that she died by suicide after jumping from the rooftop of a building, and similar claims were made by the authorities about 16-year-old Nika Shakarami who had also attended the protests and died under suspicious circumstances.

Sarina was also a YouTuber who created videos with her talking about topics such as music, food, and school, as well as restrictions on women in Iran. In one of her videos, after finishing school exams, she stated “Nothing feels better than freedom“. In a YouTube video posted on May 22, she talked about restrictions on women in Iran and a need for freedom. In another video, she said, “We’re not like the previous generation 20 years ago who didn’t know what life was like outside Iran.” In her last video on Telegram, she sang along to “Take Me to Church” by Hozier, and said, “My homeland feels like being in exile“.

On September 23, Sarina is reported to have attended a protest with friends and then did not return home. After her death, her videos were shared online, and the video of her singing along to the Hozier song was widely shared.

According to Amnesty International and Iran Human Rights, Sarina was struck on the head repeatedly with a baton and bled to death. in the Gohardasht neighborhood of Karaj, near her language school where protests were taking place. According to an IHR source, she died before she could be taken anywhere for treatment. The family was notified about her death later that evening by her friends who were with her at the protests. Her family was under pressure from security and intelligence agents to stay silent on the matter, especially in regards to communication with foreign media, and to support the authorities’ version of the events. Similar pressures were exerted on the families of other victims of the protests.

According to Iran International, the Iranian authorities tried to cover up the circumstances of her death. On October 6, after reports spread on social media about her death, an Iranian official said Sarina had died by suicide after jumping from the roof of a building, and that family members of Sarina went to a prosecutor’s office about the social media reports stating Sarina was killed during a protest. On October 7, the government-affiliated Tasnim News Agency aired a video that showed her mother stating Sarina had once attempted suicide with pills. The authenticity of the video of her mother has been disputed.

According to family acquaintances, more than 50 security agents were present at her funeral and prevented video recording. Her mother was quoted to tell every attendant that Sarina fell from a building roof, even without them asking. Her death certificate was taken by the authorities but never returned to the family, whose phones are being monitored. The family’s lawyer was not allowed access to the case file of the investigation into Sarina‘s death, according to IHR.

Sarina‘s phone was never returned to her family, her Telegram channels’ posts were edited after her death to show a depressed image of her with suicide tendencies. Some of her pinned messages were deleted as well. Her Instagram page was initially deleted after her death, but later 13 pages were created in her name, one with her original ID without her old posts. Only her YouTube channel shows an image of a lively happy teenager who loved dancing, music and pizza with a concern for freedom.

Sarina‘s mother repeatedly attempted to retrieve her daughter’s body. She was mocked by security forces, who said that her daughter was a terrorist. After finally seeing Sarina‘s body, some news sources claim that she hanged herself at her home

Physical violence
 Arrest
 Detention / Custody
 Hustle / Projection
 Prone position / lying flat on the stomach / ventral decubitus
 Folding” (holding a person in a seated position with their head resting on their knees)
 Painful armlock
 Kicks, punches, slaps
 Feet / knees on the nape of the neck, chest or face
 Blows to the victim while under control and/or on the ground
 Blows to the ears
 Strangulation / chokehold
 Fingers forced backwards
 Spraying with water
 Dog bites
 Hair pulling
 Painful tightening of colson ties or handcuffs
 Painfully pulling by colson ties or handcuffs
 Sexual abuse
 Striking with a police vehicle
 Electric shocks
 Use of gloves
 Use of firearm
 Use of “Bean bags” (a coton sack containing tiny lead bullets)
 Use of FlashBall weapon
 Use of sound grenade
 Use of dispersal grenade
 Use of teargas grenade
 Use of rubber bullets weapon (LBD40 type)
XUse of batons
 Use of Pepper Spray
 Use of Taser gun
 Use of tranquillisers
 Execution
 Kidnapping
 Disappearance
Psychological violence
 Charge of disturbing public order
 Charge of rebellion
 Accusation of beatings to officer
 Charge of threatening officer
 Charge of insulting an officer
 Charge of disrespect
 Charge of resisting arrest
 Aggressive behaviour, disrespect, insults
 Intimidation, blackmail, threats
 Vexing or intimidating identity check
 Mock execution
 Intimidation or arrest of witnesses
 Prevented from taking photographs or from filming the scene
 Calls to end torment remained unheeded
 Prolonged uncomfortable position
 Failure to assist a person in danger
 Photographs, fingerprints, DNA
 Threat with a weapon
 Shooting in the back
 Charging without warning
 Kettling (corraling protestors to isolate them from the rest of the demonstration)
 Car chase
 Sexist remarks
 Homophobic remarks
 Racist comments
 Intervention in a private place
 Mental health issues
 Harassment
 Body search
 Home search
 Violence by fellow police officers
 Passivity of police colleagues
 Lack or refusal of the police officer to identify him or herself
 Refusal to notify someone or to telephone
 Refusal to administer a breathalyzer
 Refusal to fasten the seatbelt during transport
 Refusal to file a complaint
 Refusal to allow medical care or medication
XLies, cover-ups, disappearance of evidence
 Undress before witnesses of the opposite sex
 Bend down naked in front of witnesses
 Lack of surveillance or monitoring during detention
 Lack of signature in the Personal Effects Register during detention
 Deprivation during detention (water, food)
 Inappropriate sanitary conditions during detention (temperature, hygiene, light)
 Sleep deprivation
 Confiscation, deterioration, destruction of personal effects
 Pressure to sign documents
 Absence of a report
 Complacency of doctors

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Hadis Najafi, 21.09.2022. Shot dead – Karaj

September 21, 2022 – Eram Boulevard in Mehrshahr, Karaj
22-year-old. Shot at least six times in the face, hand, neck, abdomen and heart : deceased

Hadis Najafi is reported to have been shot on Eram Boulevard in Mehrshahr, Karaj on 21 September 2022, around 8 pm. She was reportedly shot at least six times in the face, hand, neck, abdomen and heart.

 According to her family, she had been hit by at least twenty bullets. According to the Iranian government, she was shot by protesters with weapons not used by police officers, a claim strongly disputed by Hadis‘s own family, other activists, and the international media. These parties instead all attributed the shooting to the government-backed security forces. After being shot, Hadis was taken to Ghaem Hospital in Karaj, where she was pronounced dead. The official medical records released claimed that she had died due to a “swelling of the brain“.

According to Hadis‘s mother, her family was not allowed to see her in the hospital after she was shot, being barred from entry by police officers. They were only allowed in after a security guard took pity on them and told them that Hadis‘s body was in the morgue. Radio Zamaneh published Hadis‘s death certificate. Images of her injuries and certificate of death were later confirmed by Amnesty International and BBC Persian after contact with her family.

The authorities released Hadis‘s body to her family for burial on 23 September. According to the family they were pressured by the government to say that she had died of a heart attack. Hadis‘s father was also reportedly drugged and pressured by security forces to say she died of natural causes.

Physical violence
 Arrest
 Detention / Custody
 Hustle / Projection
 Prone position / lying flat on the stomach / ventral decubitus
 Folding” (holding a person in a seated position with their head resting on their knees)
 Painful armlock
 Kicks, punches, slaps
 Feet / knees on the nape of the neck, chest or face
 Blows to the victim while under control and/or on the ground
 Blows to the ears
 Strangulation / chokehold
 Fingers forced backwards
 Spraying with water
 Dog bites
 Hair pulling
 Painful tightening of colson ties or handcuffs
 Painfully pulling by colson ties or handcuffs
 Sexual abuse
 Striking with a police vehicle
 Electric shocks
 Use of gloves
XUse of firearm
 Use of “Bean bags” (a coton sack containing tiny lead bullets)
 Use of FlashBall weapon
 Use of sound grenade
 Use of dispersal grenade
 Use of teargas grenade
 Use of rubber bullets weapon (LBD40 type)
 Use of batons
 Use of Pepper Spray
 Use of Taser gun
 Use of tranquillisers
 Execution
 Disappearance
Psychological violence
 Charge of disturbing public order
 Charge of rebellion
 Accusation of beatings to officer
 Charge of threatening officer
 Charge of insulting an officer
 Charge of disrespect
 Charge of resisting arrest
 Aggressive behaviour, disrespect, insults
 Intimidation, blackmail, threats
 Vexing or intimidating identity check
 Mock execution
 Intimidation or arrest of witnesses
 Prevented from taking photographs or from filming the scene
 Calls to end torment remained unheeded
 Prolonged uncomfortable position
 Failure to assist a person in danger
 Photographs, fingerprints, DNA
 Threat with a weapon
 Shooting in the back
 Charging without warning
 Kettling (corraling protestors to isolate them from the rest of the demonstration)
 Car chase
 Sexist remarks
 Homophobic remarks
 Racist comments
 Intervention in a private place
 Mental health issues
 Harassment
 Body search
 Home search
 Violence by fellow police officers
 Passivity of police colleagues
 Lack or refusal of the police officer to identify him or herself
 Refusal to notify someone or to telephone
 Refusal to administer a breathalyzer
 Refusal to fasten the seatbelt during transport
 Refusal to file a complaint
 Refusal to allow medical care or medication
 Lies, cover-ups, disappearance of evidence
 Undress before witnesses of the opposite sex
 Bend down naked in front of witnesses
 Lack of surveillance or monitoring during detention
 Lack of signature in the Personal Effects Register during detention
 Deprivation during detention (water, food)
 Inappropriate sanitary conditions during detention (temperature, hygiene, light)
 Sleep deprivation
 Confiscation, deterioration, destruction of personal effects
 Pressure to sign documents
 Absence of a report
 Complacency of doctors

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Nika Shakarami, 20.09.2022. Disappeared – Tehran

September 20, 2022 – Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran
16-year-old. Disappeared then turned up dead…

On 20 September 2022, 16-year-old Nika Shakarami (Persian: نیکا شاکرمی) vanished in Tehran during the 2022 Iranian protests following the death of Mahsa Amini. Her family was informed of her death ten days later. She had died under suspicious circumstances suspected to involve violence by security forces. After her body was identified by her family, they planned to bury her in Khorramabad, but the body was allegedly stolen by Iranian authorities and instead buried in Hayat ol Gheyb, reportedly to exercise leverage over her family and to avoid a funeral procession which could cause further protests.

The Iranian authorities denied wrongdoing, spread several contradictory stories concerning her fate, and allegedly coerced some of her family members to support these narratives. Nika‘s death and the attempts of government suppression regarding information on her fate was widely publicized in international media and further fanned the ongoing protests.

Her official cause of death was later described as blunt force trauma in a Behesh-e Zahra document. An Iranian document leaked to the BBC in 2024 concluded that Nika was killed by security forces that had taken her captive, after she fought back while being sexually assaulted by her captors.

The riot was called upon by The Covenant (پیمان) and the Neighborhood youth alliance (جوانان محلات ایران) bringing hundreds to Keshavarz Boulevard. Nika went missing after protesting on Keshavarz Boulevard in Tehran on 20 September. She had left her house around 13:00 UTC and brought with her a bottle of water and a towel as protection against tear gas. She initially told her family that she was going to visit her sister.

According to Nika‘s family, the last known communication was a message sent to one of her friends in which she said she was being chased by security forces. Apparently, she had been separated from her friends as the protests grew more crowded. Her friends last saw her around 15:00 UTC. On the night of 20 September, Nika‘s Telegram and Instagram accounts were deleted and her phone was turned off. According to CNN, on 12 October, her Telegram account was briefly reactivated, likely by Iranian authorities, and family members confirmed that Nika‘s phone was in the possession of the prosecutor’s office in Tehran. Iranian state media also reported that authorities had accessed direct messages on her Instagram account.

On 27 October 2022, CNN released footage of Nika‘s last hours during the protests. In one video she can be seen hiding behind cars in traffic, saying to a driver “Don’t move, don’t move“, implying that she was targeted and had been chased. The person who provided the video to CNN said they saw Nika being arrested and put into a police van.

After not hearing from her, Nika‘s family filed a missing person’s report and began searching police stations and hospitals. They also posted pictures of her on social media in the hope that someone would recognize her. Ten days later they were informed that someone with similar characteristics had been discovered during forensic examinations of dead protesters and her body was at the Kahrizak morgue, located in a local detention center. Nika‘s family members were not allowed to see the body, only to look at her face for a few seconds for identification purposes. The authorities reportedly informed them that she had died as a result of falling from a great height. They were shown a photograph of her lifeless body at a sidewalk to illustrate this but they found the picture to be suspicious. Nika‘s aunt claimed in an interview that Nika‘s nose had been completely destroyed and that her skull had been “broken and disintegrated from multiple blows of a hard object“, perhaps a baton. The family were told that she had been kidnapped, held, and questioned by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and had then been detained for a short time at the Evin Prison, a prison which has frequently been accused of systematically raping and torturing prisoners.

An Iranian document leaked to the BBC in 2024 detailed events leading up to and after Nika‘s death. The BBC verified that the document was part of a 322-page case file on anti-government protestors in 2022. The document stated that Nika was taken captive by security forces in an undercover van, sexually assaulted, and fought back, leading to her being beaten to death by batons. It also stated that Nika was taken to a temporary police camp and a detention center, but was not admitted into either location. Her captors were instructed to take her to Evin Prison, but dumped her body under the Yadegar-e-Emam highway after reporting her death to the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and receiving new orders. There was no indication that the men responsible for her death were punished, possibly due to their affiliation with the Iranian Hezbollah.

Nika‘s aunt, Atash Shakarami, and uncle, Mohsen Shakarami were arrested in their homes on October 2, 2022 after publicizing Nika‘s suspicious death on social media, they were allegedly forced to make a false confession saying Nika had committed suicide and security forces had no involvement in her death via the state-run television at 8:30 local time, October 5, 2022.

Iranian state television aired interviews or “a confession” wherein Nika‘s aunt and uncle “corroborated” the government’s narrative. During the confession or interview, her aunt stated that Nika had fallen from a roof and her uncle lamented Nika‘s brutal and suspicious death but also expressed doubt that the authorities were responsible, citing religious and legal hurdles, instead blaming social media radicalization and suggesting that she had been killed by protesters from Lorestan wishing to inspire more protests in Lorestan itself. In response to the previous anti-government statements of Nika‘s aunt, who had previously strongly blamed her death on the authorities, he dismissed her as “not a political person“. He also claimed that burying Nika in Veysian rather than in Tehran had been the family’s choice due to worries that “her killer” was in Tehran and could disturb the ceremony.

The interview was reportedly filmed while they were still in government custody. Video of the interview with Nika‘s uncle also showed the silhouette of a person off-camera who could be heard whispering “Say it, you scumbag!

In an interview with BBC News, Nika‘s mother criticized the government’s attempts to cover up their involvement in Nika‘s death and said the interviews conducted with her brother and sister were done under coercion. She mentioned that she and other family members had also been intimidated in an attempt to force them to corroborate the official narrative. According to Nika‘s mother, she had seen a medical report that showed that Nika had died on 20 September, the same day she went missing, due to blunt force trauma to the head. A death certificate issued by a cemetery in Tehran also stated that Nika died after “multiple injuries caused by blows with a hard object“.

Physical violence
 Arrest
 Detention / Custody
 Hustle / Projection
 Prone position / lying flat on the stomach / ventral decubitus
 Folding” (holding a person in a seated position with their head resting on their knees)
 Painful armlock
 Kicks, punches, slaps
 Feet / knees on the nape of the neck, chest or face
 Blows to the victim while under control and/or on the ground
 Blows to the ears
 Strangulation / chokehold
 Fingers forced backwards
 Spraying with water
 Dog bites
 Hair pulling
 Painful tightening of colson ties or handcuffs
 Painfully pulling by colson ties or handcuffs
XSexual abuse
 Striking with a police vehicle
 Electric shocks
 Use of gloves
 Use of firearm
 Use of “Bean bags” (a coton sack containing tiny lead bullets)
 Use of FlashBall weapon
 Use of sound grenade
 Use of dispersal grenade
 Use of teargas grenade
 Use of rubber bullets weapon (LBD40 type)
XUse of batons
 Use of Pepper Spray
 Use of Taser gun
 Use of tranquillisers
 Execution
 Kidnapping
XDisappearance
Psychological violence
 Charge of disturbing public order
 Charge of rebellion
 Accusation of beatings to officer
 Charge of threatening officer
 Charge of insulting an officer
 Charge of disrespect
 Charge of resisting arrest
 Aggressive behaviour, disrespect, insults
 Intimidation, blackmail, threats
 Vexing or intimidating identity check
 Mock execution
 Intimidation or arrest of witnesses
 Prevented from taking photographs or from filming the scene
 Calls to end torment remained unheeded
 Prolonged uncomfortable position
 Failure to assist a person in danger
 Photographs, fingerprints, DNA
 Threat with a weapon
 Shooting in the back
 Charging without warning
 Kettling (corraling protestors to isolate them from the rest of the demonstration)
 Car chase
 Sexist remarks
 Homophobic remarks
 Racist comments
 Intervention in a private place
 Mental health issues
 Harassment
 Body search
 Home search
 Violence by fellow police officers
 Passivity of police colleagues
 Lack or refusal of the police officer to identify him or herself
 Refusal to notify someone or to telephone
 Refusal to administer a breathalyzer
 Refusal to fasten the seatbelt during transport
 Refusal to file a complaint
 Refusal to allow medical care or medication
XLies, cover-ups, disappearance of evidence
 Undress before witnesses of the opposite sex
 Bend down naked in front of witnesses
 Lack of surveillance or monitoring during detention
 Lack of signature in the Personal Effects Register during detention
 Deprivation during detention (water, food)
 Inappropriate sanitary conditions during detention (temperature, hygiene, light)
 Sleep deprivation
 Confiscation, deterioration, destruction of personal effects
 Pressure to sign documents
 Absence of a report
 Complacency of doctors

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Victims

Dick Tench, 13.06.2019. Shot multiple times – Greenville (SC)

June 13, 2019 – Greenville (SC)
62-year old. Shot multiple times: wounded

The spokesman, Lt. Ryan Flood, told reporters on June 13, 2019 that police were responding to a panic alarm on a cellphone that someone in the house triggered shortly before midnight. A lone deputy went to the house and rang the doorbell, where the armed homeowner “immediately jerked open the door and presented a handgun and pointed it directly at the deputy,” Flood said.

Flood said Deputy Kevin Azzara opened fire and shot the man multiple times, who was reported alive and recovering in a hospital. The deputy was placed on administrative leave with pay — the protocol for an officer involved in a shooting. The sheriff’s office echoed that account on its Facebook page the next day, accusing the homeowner of opening the door and aiming his weapon at the deputy.

As promised, the Greenville County Sheriff’s Office released Monday what it called “relevant video footage and photographs” in the shooting. But the body-cam video from that night contradicts the initial police account. The video, which was edited by the sheriff’s office and lacks some audio, includes a narration from Capt. Tim Brown from the office of professional standards.

The Sheriff’s Office’s Officer of Professional Standards conducted an internal investigation to see if Deputy Kevin Azzara violated any written policies during the incident. The investigation concluded on April 23, 2020, and found that no agency policies were violated, spokesman Lt. Ryan Flood said Wednesday. Azzara was still on administrative duty and would assume his regular duties at a time to be determined, Flood said.

A criminal investigation conducted by the State Law Enforcement Division is still ongoing, SLED spokeswoman Mary Perry said.

Physical violence
 Arrest
 Detention / Custody
 Hustle / Projection
 Prone position / lying flat on the stomach / ventral decubitus
 Folding” (holding a person in a seated position with their head resting on their knees)
 Painful armlock
 Kicks, punches, slaps
 Feet / knees on the nape of the neck, chest or face
 Blows to the victim while under control and/or on the ground
 Blows to the ears
 Strangulation / chokehold
 Fingers forced backwards
 Spraying with water
 Dog bites
 Hair pulling
 Painful tightening of colson ties or handcuffs
 Painfully pulling by colson ties or handcuffs
 Sexual abuse
 Striking with a police vehicle
 Electric shocks
 Use of gloves
XUse of firearm
 Use of “Bean bags” (a coton sack containing tiny lead bullets)
 Use of FlashBall weapon
 Use of sound grenade
 Use of dispersal grenade
 Use of teargas grenade
 Use of rubber bullets weapon (LBD40 type)
 Use of batons
 Use of Pepper Spray
 Use of Taser gun
 Use of tranquillisers
 Execution
 Kidnapping
 Disappearance
Psychological violence
 Charge of disturbing public order
 Charge of rebellion
 Accusation of beatings to officer
 Charge of threatening officer
 Charge of insulting an officer
 Charge of disrespect
 Charge of resisting arrest
 Aggressive behaviour, disrespect, insults
 Intimidation, blackmail, threats
 Vexing or intimidating identity check
 Mock execution
 Intimidation or arrest of witnesses
 Prevented from taking photographs or from filming the scene
 Calls to end torment remained unheeded
 Prolonged uncomfortable position
 Failure to assist a person in danger
 Photographs, fingerprints, DNA
 Threat with a weapon
 Shooting in the back
XCharging without warning
 Kettling (corraling protestors to isolate them from the rest of the demonstration)
 Car chase
 Sexist remarks
 Homophobic remarks
 Racist comments
XIntervention in a private place
 Mental health issues
 Harassment
 Body search
 Home search
 Violence by fellow police officers
 Passivity of police colleagues
 Lack or refusal of the police officer to identify him or herself
 Refusal to notify someone or to telephone
 Refusal to administer a breathalyzer
 Refusal to fasten the seatbelt during transport
 Refusal to file a complaint
 Refusal to allow medical care or medication
XLies, cover-ups, disappearance of evidence
 Undress before witnesses of the opposite sex
 Bend down naked in front of witnesses
 Lack of surveillance or monitoring during detention
 Lack of signature in the Personal Effects Register during detention
 Deprivation during detention (water, food)
 Inappropriate sanitary conditions during detention (temperature, hygiene, light)
 Sleep deprivation
 Confiscation, deterioration, destruction of personal effects
 Pressure to sign documents
 Absence of a report
 Complacency of doctors

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Victims

Camilo Caupolicán Escobar, 10.01.2019. Shot dead – Neuquén

January 10, 2019 – Neuquén street, al 1200, barrio de Caballitov – Neuquén
24-year-old. Shot in the chest : deceased

On 1 January 2019, Camilo went to Caballito to buy marijuana flowers at a house on 1259 Neuquén Street. He had 2,765 pesos in his wallet (currently worth approximately 70 or 80 pesos), which corroborates that he was going to make a small purchase for personal consumption. In the house, there was another alleged buyer who had ordered a large quantity costing 200,000 pesos and who would have paid a commission of 5,000 pesos to the person who had contacted him. Inside the house, the buyer took the bag with the purchase and, before paying, announced that he was a police officer, showed his badge, and ordered them to lie down on the floor. During the altercation, he pulls out his 9mm calibre weapon, stands in the doorway to prevent those inside from escaping, and then shoots Camilo in the chest, killing him. However, seconds before, he managed to wound his attacker in the face, leaving blood stains and a tooth. 

Despite this relevant information, the few media outlets that reported the news at the time presented it as a possible ‘drug-related crime by mistake’ or even a ‘settling of scores.’ Media outlets that were absent yesterday.

For five and a half years, the identity of the murderer was unknown. No witnesses claimed to know him. The police cleared the area. Camilo‘s murderer arrived and left on a motorcycle without a licence plate. He even had the luxury of returning minutes after committing the crime to retrieve his motorcycle without anyone stopping him.

After leaving on his motorcycle, nothing more was heard of the murderer. Court No. 3, then presided over by Judge Bruniard, denied the prosecution’s request for DNA and images recorded by at least five security cameras in the vicinity (two of them on the block where the house was located). It took more than three years before, after a change of judge, the request for the images was finally granted.

The prosecution also distrusts the material due to the absence of evidence (no sirens, no SAME or security forces personnel are visible), only a blurry image of the killer. There is very little evidence from the cameras in the area, which also raised doubts when, in September 2024, the only (and blurry) image of the killer was published with an offer of a reward for anyone providing information. What was the purpose of ‘releasing’ that image? To find the killer or to send a message for reasons unknown to us?

The murder of Camilo Caupolicán Escobar not only reveals the action or inaction of the repressive forces: action, given that the murderer is part of a federal force. The ‘inaction’ is rather an omission to cooperate with the investigation. Camilo‘s murder and its cover-up show the complicity and links between the repressive forces and drug trafficking.

The sister of one of the key witnesses, who is also involved in the sale of narcotics, is a police officer. This witness, whose name has appeared in the case file since the beginning of the proceedings, raised many doubts about the information he provided, or rather, about the information he did not provide.

On 4 June, a witness confirmed that Camilo‘s killer belongs to a federal force. The court has his name and ID number. Why is a force that is paradoxically supposed to be a “security” force not being required to hand over its member so that he can at least be questioned and investigated?

Alongside his father Oscar were mothers of other victims of institutional violence. Nora, mother of Juan Ignacio Encina, who was murdered by Buenos Aires police officer Jorge Montero, was present. Emilia Vasallo, a leader of the National March Against Police Brutality, which takes place every year at the end of August, was also present. Emilia is the mother of Pablo Alcorta, another victim of police violence. Verónica, the mother of Nicolas Broeckaert, another victim of institutional violence, more precisely of the Monte Grande Municipal Police, was also present.

The relatives of victims support each other, embrace each other, and fight for their causes. ‘I am not here only for Camilo. Our children will not return, but we are here for all the young people who are still alive,’ Oscar said yesterday. He had also said this when he took the microphone at the National March Against Police Brutality. Camilo had participated alongside Oscar in demonstrations for both Luciano Arruga and Mariano Ferreyra.

In times of selfishness, pettiness, opportunism, and cowardice, Oscar’s fight is not only for justice for his son; his fight is to recover that collective solidarity that today seems to have been forgotten.

The press union and many subsidised organisations that claim to defend human rights but abandoned Oscar and other victims should learn a lot from him.

On July 24, 2025, frente a las escalinatas de tribunales, se desarrolló la conferencia de prensa convocada por Oscar Escobar ante la situación de la causa por el asesinato de su hijo Camilo Caupolicán. Con la ausencia de los medios hegemónicos Oscar se expresó acompañado de su abogado y de madres de otras víctimas de gatillo fácil. Oscar y su abogado Mario Perricone denunciaron que «se rompió el secreto de sumario y no fue la querella quien lo hizo». Además de la dilación en las detenciones pertinentes también denunciaron negligencias en la protección de testigos por parte de la Fiscalía a cargo de Laura Belloqui. La causa está en manos del Juez subrogante Marcos Fernández en el Juzgado Criminal y Correccional Número 3 Por Ramiro Giganti (ANRed).

“On 4 June, a person fully identified the murderer. There is no doubt about the identification of the murderer. I would also like to refer to the statement of a witness who, out of fear after seeing his friend killed, left the country that same day. This complaint brought him back, and he testified for eight hours. There is a very important part of his statement where he says that while he was in the presence of the police, the ambulance, and all the people, the murderer came back wearing different clothes, because if you look at the photo, he is wearing a jacket, and then he comes back wearing a T-shirt. The boy shouted, ‘That’s the one who killed Camilo, that’s the one who killed Camilo,’ and the police did absolutely nothing.”

This is how Camilo Caupolicán Escobar‘s father opened the press conference. He was accompanied by his lawyer, other relatives of young people murdered by police forces, and by this media outlet. In addition to ANRed, Periodismo de Izquierda was also present covering the conference.

The family lawyer Mario Perricone:

“For more than five and a half years, we were in the dark. At the beginning of June, a reliable lead was found and corroborated in case 5698 of 2019, which is being handled by Criminal and Correctional Court 3. A technical error led to a breach of confidentiality, allowing all parties to read who was being sought. We have identified the murderer; we are certain, not completely certain at this stage, but we are fairly certain, based on direct evidence, not circumstantial evidence, of who the person is. And the judge in charge ruled that, for now, it was not appropriate to arrest the person.”

 On July 25, 2025, after six and a half years of struggle by his father, Oscar Escobar, and the prosecution, Juan Manuel Guellin, the murderer of Camilo, has been in custody for 48 hours. The court had his name and some information in its possession since June 4, but the arrest was delayed. Along with the complaint, this newspaper’s journalistic investigation also provided information to the court. Guellín, 28, belongs to a federal police force.

After his arrest, other questions will be answered: What happened to the bag he stole containing kilos of marijuana? Did he work for a superior officer? Did he commit other crimes while part of a security force? Why, when he returned to get his motorcycle minutes after murdering Camilo, was he not arrested despite having been identified by a witness?

Physical violence
 Arrest
 Detention / Custody
 Hustle / Projection
 Prone position / lying flat on the stomach / ventral decubitus
 Folding” (holding a person in a seated position with their head resting on their knees)
 Painful armlock
 Kicks, punches, slaps
 Feet / knees on the nape of the neck, chest or face
 Blows to the victim while under control and/or on the ground
 Blows to the ears
 Strangulation / chokehold
 Fingers forced backwards
 Spraying with water
 Dog bites
 Hair pulling
 Painful tightening of colson ties or handcuffs
 Painfully pulling by colson ties or handcuffs
 Sexual abuse
 Striking with a police vehicle
 Electric shocks
 Use of gloves
XUse of firearm
 Use of “Bean bags” (a coton sack containing tiny lead bullets)
 Use of FlashBall weapon
 Use of sound grenade
 Use of dispersal grenade
 Use of teargas grenade
 Use of rubber bullets weapon (LBD40 type)
 Use of batons
 Use of Pepper Spray
 Use of Taser gun
 Use of tranquillisers
 Execution
 Kidnapping
 Disappearance
Psychological violence
 Charge of disturbing public order
 Charge of rebellion
 Accusation of beatings to officer
 Charge of threatening officer
 Charge of insulting an officer
 Charge of disrespect
 Charge of resisting arrest
 Aggressive behaviour, disrespect, insults
 Intimidation, blackmail, threats
 Vexing or intimidating identity check
 Mock execution
 Intimidation or arrest of witnesses
 Prevented from taking photographs or from filming the scene
 Calls to end torment remained unheeded
 Prolonged uncomfortable position
 Failure to assist a person in danger
 Photographs, fingerprints, DNA
 Threat with a weapon
 Shooting in the back
 Charging without warning
 Kettling (corraling protestors to isolate them from the rest of the demonstration)
 Car chase
 Sexist remarks
 Homophobic remarks
 Racist comments
 Intervention in a private place
 Mental health issues
 Harassment
 Body search
 Home search
 Violence by fellow police officers
 Passivity of police colleagues
 Lack or refusal of the police officer to identify him or herself
 Refusal to notify someone or to telephone
 Refusal to administer a breathalyzer
 Refusal to fasten the seatbelt during transport
 Refusal to file a complaint
 Refusal to allow medical care or medication
XLies, cover-ups, disappearance of evidence
 Undress before witnesses of the opposite sex
 Bend down naked in front of witnesses
 Lack of surveillance or monitoring during detention
 Lack of signature in the Personal Effects Register during detention
 Deprivation during detention (water, food)
 Inappropriate sanitary conditions during detention (temperature, hygiene, light)
 Sleep deprivation
 Confiscation, deterioration, destruction of personal effects
 Pressure to sign documents
 Absence of a report
 Complacency of doctors
  • 25.07.2025 – Arrest and placement in custody of Juan Manuel Guellin
  • 10.01.2019 – Agression and death of Camilo
  • Lawyer : Mario Perricone
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